How Much Enriched Uranium Does Iran Have, and Where Is It?

No one outside Iran’s government knows, because inspectors have not measured the stockpile since before the war began in June 2025. Every number in circulation goes back to the IAEA’s estimate for June 13, 2025, the day Israel first struck Iran.

On that date the agency put the 60 percent stock at 440.9 kg, up 32.3 kg from its mid-May estimate of 408.6 kg. Iran’s total stock of enriched uranium, from under 2 percent up to 60 percent, stood at 9,874.9 kg. For scale, the 2015 nuclear deal had capped Iran at 3.67 percent enrichment and about 202.8 kg of uranium.

The sites have been bombed twice since that estimate. The United States hit Fordow, Natanz and Isfahan on June 22, 2025, and resumed strikes on Iran in late February 2026. Some material may have been buried, damaged or lost in those strikes. Iran has not reported what survived, and the IAEA has not been able to check. In a February 2026 report the agency told member states it could give no information on the stockpile’s current size, composition or location.

The IAEA’s best estimate is that most of it is underground at Isfahan, with the rest at Natanz and Fordow. IAEA Director General Rafael Grossi said on March 9, 2026, that Isfahan held “a bit more than 200 kilograms, maybe a little bit more than that” of 60 percent uranium at the agency’s last inspection, and that “the widespread assumption is that the material is still there.”

Grossi has said that about half of the 60 percent stock was taken into a tunnel at the Isfahan complex on June 9, 2025, four days before Israel’s first strikes. He believes some 60 percent material is still at Natanz. The IAEA also tracked a convoy taking what it thought was a substantial amount out of Fordow shortly before the war. Whatever stayed at Fordow and Natanz may now be buried under rubble.

Grossi has also been clear that this is an estimate, not a finding. On April 28, 2026, he said the agency had not been able “to inspect or to reject that the material is there and that the seals, the IAEA seals, remain there.” Iran has not said where the material is. On June 20, 2025, Mohsen Rezaei, now secretary of the Supreme National Security Council, said the material had been moved to secure locations.

Yes, if Iran still has it and enriches it further. By the IAEA’s yardstick, about 42 kg of 60 percent uranium is enough for one nuclear weapon once it is enriched to roughly 90 percent, weapons grade.

On that measure, the 440.9 kg on record in June 2025 is enough for about 10 weapons. The roughly 200 kg Grossi places at Isfahan would be enough for about four or five.

Material is not a bomb. Iran would need working centrifuges to take it from 60 to 90 percent, and then a weapon design and a way to deliver it. All three of Iran’s known enrichment plants, two at Natanz and one at Fordow, were destroyed or badly damaged in June 2025. Iran had announced a fourth plant at Isfahan on June 12, 2025, the day before the war, and the IAEA has never been able to visit it.

Because its inspectors have not been allowed back into the bombed sites since June 2025. Iran suspended cooperation with the agency after the June strikes, and the agency has since been able to inspect only at sites that were not hit, such as the Bushehr power plant.

At the UN Security Council on October 27, 2026, Grossi said the IAEA cannot verify the location of about 440 kg of highly enriched uranium Iran had declared, and cannot confirm that none of it has been diverted. He also said that “since June 2025, we have not identified any activity to repair or reconstruct” the damaged sites, while warning that satellite monitoring cannot replace inspections.

Iran ties access to the war. Baghaei said on November 9, 2026, that inspections of the damaged sites are unjustified while the United States keeps threatening to strike Iran’s nuclear facilities. On November 7, the US State Department’s Rewards for Justice program offered up to $20 million for information on Iran’s nuclear program, its scientists and the organisations around it.

Not under Tehran’s current position: Iranian officials have refused every proposal to ship the stockpile out of the country.

On October 20, 2026, Rezaei told Pakistan’s army chief, Field Marshal Asim Munir, that “not even a tiny bit of enriched nuclear material will leave Iran,” calling it national wealth. On November 2, asked whether the uranium could go to a third country, Baghaei said: “No such proposal is under consideration.” He repeated the refusal on November 9.

The offers have not gone away. The Kremlin said on October 9, 2026, that Vladimir Putin told Donald Trump Russia’s offer to take Iran’s highly enriched uranium “remains in force,” as we reported in the Kremlin’s account of that call. In March 2026, Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi said Iran had offered in February to dilute its enriched uranium in exchange for sanctions relief. Trump has said the war will end with a deal or by force, as covered in what Trump and Araghchi said about ending the war.